The Indian subcontinent or South Asia, formerly known as India cisgangétique covers the following countries: Nepal, Bhutan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, the Maldives. The southern part of this region forms a large peninsula, while the northern part is separated from Central Asia by the Himalayas which is a geographical and cultural barriers with the rest of Asia. The population density is high for a long time, although some mountain and desert regions are sparsely populated or uninhabited. Beyond its demographic dimension, the Indian subcontinent is home to a vast diversity of peoples, languages, religions which concentrates the essential components of the complexity of the global community.